Ground Water Information Satara District
Ground Water Information
Satara District (source : GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD)
The climate of the district is on the whole is agre able. The winter season is from December to about the middle of February followed by summer season which last up to May. June to September is the south-west monsoon season,whereas October and November constitute the post-monsoon season. The mean minimum temperature is 14.4° C and mean maximum temperature is 36.8° C at Satara town in the district.The rainfall analysis for the period 1901-2005 reve
als that the normal annual rainfall over the district varies from 473 t
o about 6209 mm. In the eastern part of the district around Mhaswad (Man taluka) and Phaltan taluka it isminimum and increases towards the west and reaches maximum around Mahabaleshwar. However, the probability of occurrence of normal rainfall is maximum (50 to 55%) in the south eastern parts around Mhaswad (Man), Vaduj, Pusewadi and Karad. While the probability of receiving excess rainfall (i.e., 25% or more) varies from 9% to 30%. It is minimum around Mhaswad (9%) and maximum around Pusewadi (30%). The study also revea
ls that entire eastern, north eastern and south eastern parts of the distri
ct comprising almost entire Khandala, Phaltan, Khatav, Mhaswad talukas and parts of Koregaon and Karad talukas in the plains which experienced droughts for more than 20% of the years can be categorized as “drought area”. The average rainfall data for the period (1998–2007) are presented in Table–3.The perusal of Table–3 indicates that the average a nnual rainfall during
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River Map of Satara
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River Map of Sangli the period ranges between 513.80 mm (Man) to 5896.48 mm (Mahabaleshwar)
Water Level Scenario
Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) monitors water level data of 52 National Hydrograph Network Stations (NHNS) in the district. The NHNS are measured four times in a year i.e., January, May (Premonsoon), August and November (Post monsoon). 4.2.1 Depth to Water Level – Premonsoon (May 2007) The depth to water level in Satara district during May 2007 ranges from 1.00 m bgl (Morgir(Shivpur Peth)) to 28.90 m bgl (Khandala). Depth to water levels during premonsoon (May 2007) has been depicted This dominant range of water level is followed by shallow water level range within 5 m bgl, which occupies south western and west central parts of the district. Apart from this a small isolated patch in north eastern part of Phaltan taluka is also observed. The deeper water levels (10 to 20 m bgl) are mainly observed in two elongated patches, one in north western part of the district near Mahabaleshwar, Pachgani, Shirur, Pimpode and Wathar and one in eastern part of the district in parts of Man and Khatav talukas, whereas deeper water level of more than 20 m bgl is observed only at one place i.e.Khandala
Water Level Trend (1998–2007)
Long term water level trend for premonsoon and post monsoon periods for last 10 years (1998–2007) have been computed and analysed. The analysis indicates that during premonsoon period rise in water levels ranging between negligible at few NHNS and 0.56 m/year (Tathvade) have been recorded at 26 NHNS, while fall in water levels ranging between negligible at few NHNS and 0.51 m/year (Malkapur) have been recorded at 20 NHNS. During postmonsoon
period rise in water levels have been recorded at 2
8 NHNS and it ranges from negligible at few NHNS to 0.32 m/year (Mirgaon), whereas at 16 NHNS fall in water levels ranging between negligible at few NHNS and 0.28 m/year (Pingli) have been recorded. The premonsoon trend map was also prepared and the same is presented in the rise in water level trend of up to 0.20 m/year is observed in almost entire eastern and western parts of the districtcovering entire Phaltan, Man and Khatav talukas and parts of Koregaon, Patan and Jaoli talukas. The fall in water level trend of
up to 0.20 m/year is observed in an elongated patch extending from north to south in central part of the district covering parts of Khandala, Wai, Satara, Koregaon, Patan and talukas and almost entire Karad taluka. Thus the future ground water conservation and recharge structures need to be prioritized in these areas.
As per estimation total annual recharge is 1230.12 MCM and the natural discharge is 62.64 MCM, thus the net annual ground water availability comes tobe 1167.48 MCM. The annual draft for all uses is es
timated at 716.68 MCM with irrigation sector being the major consumer having a draft of 665.65 MCM while the draft for domestic and industrial uses was estimated at 51.02 MCM. The netannual ground water availability for future irrigation is 433.70 MCM, whereas the allocation for domestic and industrial requirements is 93.48 MCM. The stage of ground water development in the district varies fro
m 23.39% (Jaoli taluka) to 80.61% (Khatav taluka). The overall stage of ground water development for the district is 61.39%. Out of 11 talukas, only one taluka viz., Khatav taluka have been categorized as “Semi-Critical”, whereas remaining 10 talukas are fall under “Safe” category.
The watershed wise ground water resource estimation
was also done for all the 50 watersheds in the district. Out of 50 watersheds, 7 watersheds viz., BM-
87, BM-101, KR–6, KR–11, KR–22, KR–23 and KR–42 have been categorized as “Semi-Critical, 3 watersheds viz., KR-10, KR–32 and BM–85 have been categorized as “Critical” and 1 watershed i.e., KR–2 has been categorized as “Over-Exploited”. In these 11 watersheds and Khatav
taluka future ground water development is not recommended without adhering tothe precautionary
measures i.e., artificial recharge to augment the ground water resources and adoption of ground water management practices. Theremaining 39 watershedsfalling under “Safe” category are recommended for future ground water development.
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National River Link Policy
***National River Link Policy Of India ***
Two third part of the earth is covered with water yet there is a dark future for the usable water in the world. The ocean water is salty, pungent & polluted & at some places it is even poisonous & can kill a being. Despite all the efforts,
the scientists have not been able to make it worth drinking & usable for agriculture & industry. That's why, with the increase in population in the world, the demand for clean water is also increasing. Some farsighted analysts are of the
view that if there is no solution for the drinking water, it will not astonish that next world war is for the control of water. To face these worries, many countries of the world are working to get out of this trouble of water scarcity. In a large country
like India, a big project to connect about 30 big rivers & canals has been started under the supervision of International Water Management Board. This work has been named National River Link Project. In spite of it, that India is known as an agriculture dominant country but unfortunately, there is no right distribution & management of river water That's why one third of our country's agriculture is destroyed because of drought or floods. Obviously its adverse effect is on the farmers & at the same time on the economy of our country.
The North-West & Southern states in India fulfill the water needs of their agriculture from the rivers & canals but the eastern regions of the Ganges remain badly in spate of water.
Many rivers of the eastern sector take so fierce form that all the crops even the villages are destroyed in floods. As a result of it, the country has to suffer heavy losses of life & property. This has been going on for the last many centuries. But after the warning of global warming, the entire world including India is now alert & many countries have taken many firm & positive decisions for the management of sweet, fresh & clean water.In India, the rivers that are proposed to be linked with each other, work on many of them has been started. Some of the main projects are such as Mahanadi has to be linked with Godawari & the river Inchampalli is to be linked with Nagarjun Sagar & Pulichintala. Somasila River is to be linked with Nagarjun Sagar & Grand Anicut Link. To Link of Penar River to Almati & Siriselam, to link Yamuna river with Sharda & Rajasthan & Rajasthan is to be linked with Sabarmati. Similarly Son bairaj is to be linked with Chunar & Ganges in the South, to link Ganges River to Damodar River & Swarn Rekha River to Mahanadi. In the same way, Farkka is proposed to be linked to Sundervan & Jogichhopa.Linking of Ganges-Gandak, Ghagra-Yamuna, Kosi-Ghagra & Kosi-Mechi links are also proposed. Besides this Netravati-Hemwati
Project, Pamba-Anchankovil viper link is also proposed. Similarly Daman Ganges to Pinjal, Bedati to Varda, Parvati to Kali Sindh & Chambal and Parvati, Tapi & Narmada links are also proposed.
The only aim of this largest river link project of the world is to make use of the water that goes waste in flood & with the help of this River Link Project assure good use by make available water to those areas that face drought & acute scarcity of water. It is assumed that if this largest project, being worked in three phases, is completed & regional politicians cooperate fully then there will be increase in the agricultural production & at the same time increase in national agricultural income. The people will get relief from the havoc caused by floods & drought. And above all, the people will get clean drinkable water. On one side, many positive results are being told from this great project & on the other side, this project is being criticized. There are some leaders in some states who are trying to make people understand that if this project is completed, water form their own areas will go to other areas. They have many arguments of this type. But undoubtedly, all these arguments are based on limited &
narrow thinking as well as on vote bank. Whereas the River Link Project is a national project & it has nationwide importance. The people who oppose this project are from
some active organizations that belong to a special political thinking. Their spokesmen travel widely in the country, organize meetings & seminars and show such a terrible
picture of these projects that a common man is perplexed. Their main arguments are to take risk of having a big amount as loan from World Bank or International Monetary und.They allege that all this exercise is only for the benefit of foreigners by handing over this project to them, to use many expensive techniques for this impossible looking project & continuous running of this project. According to these critics, all these are some very expensive measures. They also state that there is a conspiracy behind it that wants India to be overburdened under heavy debt.Not only this, the opponents of this project are also making propaganda that if this project is completed from foreign money taken as loan, the expenditure on this project will be so much that the debts can't be cleared. And in such a situation, these rivers will go under the control of those powers that have spent money on it.In such circumstances the Government of India & the people working on this project have a duty to propagate through newspaper & advertise ments, again & again,all the aspects of this project with full transparency before the country.In this way all the doubts that exist in the countrymen will be cleared &people of the country will know the merits & demerits of the project. If the National River Link Project is a useful project in reality & there is possibility of increase in agricultural production, then the expenditure incurred on this project can be easily recovered. There should be steps to control the people who are opposing this project widely.
In fact, wherea the people who are facing drought & floods are
happy to hear the news of this project, at the same time the manifold critical arguments against this project are subject that worry them.
-Author Tanveer Jafri .
The Writer is a columnist in India.
( He is related with hundreds of most popular daily news papers/portals in India and abroad. Jafri, almost writes in the field of communal harmony,
(Email : tanveerjafriamb@gmail.com )
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IN THIS SAME THEME WE PRODUCE "KRISHNA -MANGANGA RIVER LINK PROJECT" UNDER,
********BARMAHI MANGANGA ********
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